This one will grow wherever figs are hardy. Break this into three or four feedings starting in late winter and going until midsummer. I’m drying mine and saving for tea. Caducous (or Smyrna) figs require cross pollination by the fig wasp with pollen from caprifigs for the fruit to mature. One sign that the tree needs water is yellow leaves that start to wilt. Fig tree roots generally are very invasive, although much depends on the cultivar, its planting location, and the overall soil quality. In most Mediterranean countries figs are grown as rain-fed but the most critical period of irrigation is early spring before a rapid shoot and fruit development. Figs are harvested when ripe as ripening does not advance after picking. I have a potted Brown Turkey fig which I bring into the garage (min. The fig tree, having an extensive shallow root system and in maturity casting a heavy shade, generally inhibits the growth of plants directly growing under the crown. Get the latest This Old House news, trusted tips, tricks, and DIY Smarts projects from our experts–straight to your inbox. Trying to reduce the size by pruning the branch length causes loss of crop. This was sold as an LSU Tiger. The fruits are small but numerous and sweet when ripe which can be from early as late August through to early October. They will not ripen if picked when immature. Brown Turkey figs have brownish-dark purple skin, a milder flavor than other figs, and are noticeably less sweet than the similar-looking Black Mission figs. Picture of Black Mission vs Brown Turkey. Black Genoa: a vigorous tree; large purple fruit has dark red, sweet flesh. Like most fruit trees, it grows best in full sun. Man and fig have come a long way since then but have remained very much good friends, travelling and setting up home together all over the world where summers are warm and dry and winters are cool. Paul Alfrey from Balkan Ecology Project shares his experience growing figs, looking at fig types, hardy figs, fig cultivation, fig reproduction, fig propagation, good companions plants for figs, and growing figs commercially. All my current figs are it’s children! Here’s what you need to know about choosing, installing, and living with a tankless water heater. Birds and bats can steal figs off your tree during the harvesting season. The fruit is eaten fresh, dried in confectionery, brewed as an alcoholic beverage or used as a laxative. Black Mission, Brown Turkey, Brunswick, and Celeste are some representative cultivars. Figs can also grow in rocky areas from sea level to 1,700 meters. If you live in a cooler state below zone 7, like Pennsylvania or New Jersey, you can grow a fig tree in a pot inside your home. My Brown Turkey is good if the weather is ideal. A depth of 1,5 m is sufficient for root development, but water logging will adversely affect growth and productivity. A wonderful explanation on this page for the fertilization of trees and shrubs of all the trees in a farm ,if you want to remove the infection of shrubs exist in the deep root fertilization from the leaves of trees ,Then the easiest method for you to provide a pure water with a mixing of shrubs disease and also spread a medicine of shrub disease with the help of harvest power roller during the gardening of a public garden which is also help you to remove the stress of trees during the growing of trees after reading and understanding the most important key points mentioned in the great passage of information especially “ Influenced fertilization factors ”are mentioned in the great passage of information. I am wondering i I should ask him to wait for Spring of next year or I can dig it up and transplant it now. You can purchase wire baskets to put around the tree to keep these animals out. 0 Ratings Well known hardy selection with large crops of green figs with a brown tinge to the skin, and white to amber flesh. Leaf blight is a disease characterized by yellow, water-soaked spots that spread and dry out, leaving behind a papery surface. The \"Brown Turkey\" or \"Spanish Mission\" fig is an easy fig to grow. Fig fruit is an important food source for much of the fauna in some areas, and the tree owes its expansion to those that feed on its fruit. I would have loved to know about the roots when I planted this tree years ago. Do you think there would be any problem putting these twp plants near each other? Originally from the UK I moved over to Bulgaria with my family 12 years ago and set up the. The first crop ripens reliably most years, usually in August or September. “If planting during summer make sure the soil is constantly kept moist,” YatesHorticulture Consultant Angie Thomas says. As with most fungal disease, copper-based fungicides are normally used for control. Here’s how to select or build kitchen pantry shelving that works for you. We often find various bees and wasps feeding on openings in the fruit made by birds. Purple and black skin with deep earthy flavor like a Cabernet. Never make Tee from Leafs to drink it is a Poison and antiseptique, only clean your mouth with, Rinse with tooth problems and inflammation. Make sure the mulch doesn’t touch the trunk, as too much moisture around the trunk can cause bark decay which can attract pests and fungi. No contest - BJ is essentially a Brown Turkey, and the Mission is a very quality, sweet, full-flavored fig. Figs must be allowed to ripen fully on the tree before they are picked. Most fig trees, if they are planted in optimal conditions, spread their roots far and wide and sometimes the roots can choke out other plants and can damage sidewalks, driveways and other objects in their paths. From time to time when we have very cold winter the top growth dies back, but in the spring new growth arises from the base of the plant and can produce a good crop of figs that same summer. We remove any mature stems that are touching each other or appear crowded. Feeling pressured to buy Christmas presents? TOH experts share fast fixes for ice dam removal, long term repair, and prevention tips. It may take three to four years for the fig to recover from over-fertilisation and produce a crop that ripens and stays on the tree. The perfect time to plantis during the autumn and winter, so the trees can establish themselves while it’s cold. Usually the main crop is the best quality one, starting to ripen in September. At least 20 L are added per tree. A temperate species native to southwest Asia and the Mediterranean region (from Afghanistan to Portugal). Maybe its a certain type fig leaf? The average planting density is 3 x 4 m or 833 trees per hectare. The fruiting cycle is 120-150 days. I have heard and read of its benefits. Although figs tolerate different soil types, they are more productive in soils with a sandy-clay loam profile. It’s possible that one of the hardiest figs on the planet was developed here in Bulgaria. . Add to wishlist Find my local retailer. Some cultivars can become enormous, and will shade out plants growing beneath so select a site that the tree can grow into. Brown Turkey figs have a deep brown-purple color on the outside and a paler pink color on the inside. Dried figs are allowed to ripen on the tree and then dried for between 3 to 4 days depending on the area. Some varieties produce one crop per year, others two. Brown turkey fig tree (Ficus carica ‘Brown Turkey’) is a cold-hardy variety that grows as far north as zone 6. Do I need to prune my Brown Turkey fig tree? Your email address will not be published. A few of my fig tree collection: 1. Keep reading to learn how to effectively grow a Brown Turkey fig tree and steps you can take to maintain one throughout the years. The Brown Turkey tree produces a moderately large breba crop in July to early August AND a huge main crop. Fig branches and leaves contain a milky sap that is irritating to human skin so when pruning and harvesting it’s good to wear gloves. You can also apply a two- or three-inch layer of mulch around the tree at any time to prevent weeds and lock in root moisture. How wide does the roots spread? A good application of compost (20 -40 L under a mature tree 10 – 20 for young trees) along with regular comfrey mulching should be sufficient fertiliser for your fig trees. But it does have a large open eye, with a tunnel leading to a cavernous, hollow center, that let's in bugs, dust, molds, yeasts. Part two… Digging up the extentions of the roots. There is evidence to suggest that some 10,000 years ago some of us were planting figs directly outside our caves presumably to be able to slip out for a figgy delight without worrying too much about getting torn to shreds by a Saber-toothed Tiger. Thank you, well written and you’re a good teacher. Figs are generally propagated by cuttings and for commercial plantations by tissue culture. The Brown Turkey fig tree is an ideal choice for the gardener who is just learning how to care for fruit trees. The tree also has a smaller stature and can easily fit into most home gardens. !and figsbread Thank You!!! Get the latest permaculture news stories straight in your inbox, The Advanced Permaculture Student Teacher's Guide, The Permaculture Student 2: A Collection of Regenerative Solutions (eBook), Nitrgen Fixing Species for Agroforestry Systems, Perennial Polycultures – The Biomass Belt: Fertility Without Manure, Regenerative Landscape Design: Conceptual Design for an 80 Hectare Site, https://www.citrogold.co.za/Figs%20An%20Overview%20Citrogold%202011.pdf, https://www.adrianosfigtrees.com/varieties.html, https://www.esa.org/esablog/research/the-story-of-the-fig-and-its-wasp/, https://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropView?id=1071, https://drhealthbenefits.com/herbal/leaves/health-benefits-fig-leaves, [Fig]ment of Your Imagination | Culture of Arab Food, 45 Perennials to Grow in the Vegetable Garden - Little Sprouts Learning, When Does A Fig Tree Produce Fruit? The skins of brown turkey figs are smooth and brown-purple in color, with yellowish pink flesh inside. This activity is not for their own escape but rather to create an opening for the females to exit. Fig Recipes – Fig Tartine (click image for recipe) Fig and Goat Cheese Muffin. In such instances, we have found it good practice to thin these out to all but 10 – 12 stems. Black Spanish (California Brown Turkey, San Pedro): This cultivar yields medium-sized, purplish-brown fruit with a red center. Well written, with lots of useful information!! Harvesters can usually pick about 100 fruit per hour. You can buy figs as bare-rooted stock or in pots at the nursery. Inside, they tend to be a paler pink than other figs. Brown Turkey: a hardy fig with purple/brown skin and pink sweet flesh. Our trees are located next to the veggie garden and another next to a chicken run, so I assume they forage for the nutrients they need from those spaces. Besides its cold hardiness, brown turkey fig tree is an easy tree to grow in almost all aspects. We have never experienced any disease or pest but do lose some of the crop to birds. At the start of ripening fruit is picked every three days increasing in frequency to every day when the harvest is at its peak and reducing to every 3rd day as the harvest tails off. Some trees produce what is called a breba which are fig fruits that develop during the spring on the previous year’s shoot growth, followed by the main fig crop that develops on the new shoot growth and ripens in late summer or fall. Figs respond well to organic matter and in most countries well rotted farmyard manure is dug into pits before planting. There are thousands of fig varieties in the world but California specializes in six fresh and two dried types. There are hundreds of different fig varieties, but the most common types of figs include black mission figs, brown turkey, sierra figs, calimyrna figs, and kadota figs, among others. Please advise the duration between sowing to yeild for fig, I have several well rooted cuttings but no leaves yet. You can plant it in the ground or a container, following this process: The Brown Turkey fig tree has to grow for three to five years before bearing fruit for the first time. For the best results, follow these growing instructions for a Brown Turkey fig tree: Brown Turkey fig trees need full sun, so choose a spot in your yard that gets direct sunlight. Rain or heavy irrigation during fruit development and ripening can cause the fruits to split. Figs can actually dry on the tree as is the case in Turkey, Iran, Greece and the U.S.A. where after they fall to the ground and are then vacuumed up. What is the difference between Brown Turkey figs and Black Mission figs? I shoulda taken a photo of the one I ate last week-end. Family: Moraceae (same family as the Mulberry). Fig mosaic is a virus that starts as a yellow-spotted pattern and ultimately stunts foliage and fruit growth. We would harvest bucket loads of figs from this tree as kids, and the funny thing is, the neighbor never gave the tree any attention; it just grew like this on its own! Fig pollination is fascinating but not great news for fig loving vegetarians. yummy! Drying varieties are more sensitive to nitrogen and adversely affect fruit size and colour. In Japan, most orchards are trained for 2 metres, 400 mm from the ground. If not pollinated the immature fruits drop. The long hot summers here ensure a good reliable crop from these plants each year. This results in a very deep shade cast under the plant and as a result the Comfrey and Artichoke produce little biomass in the summer. Latin Name: Ficus carica This phenomenon is usually caused by overfeeding. Three types of Figs (left to right) Brown Turkey Fig, Panach Tiger Fig, Black Mission Fig. Figs can be divided into four distinct categories: Within these categories, one can find over 750 cultivars! Fig requires some dry months, particularly at the flowering and fruiting periods and some sources, state that they require some winter chilling. Black Mission figs: Named for the mission fathers who introduced the fruit to California, the Black Mission has dark purple skin, which deepens to black when dried, and pink flesh. Spacing depends on the variety chosen. In most of the UK you can only hope to achieve that if the fig tree is in a glasshouse. Their brown to green fruits are earthy and less sweet, but a few cultivars are remarkably tasty. Are Small-Scale Farms the Key to Feeding the World? I’m concerned about damage to my foundation. The … NOTE: Do not judge a fig's taste by the fruit you get in the first couple years. Chicago – Chicago is the most reliable fig for zone 5 planting, as it will produce plenty of fruit during the growing season even if it freezes to the ground in the winter. They are milder in flavor and less sweet than the Black Mission fig. Brown turkey figs are sweet and good for eating fresh, dried, or to be used in baking and cooking. Black Spanish has an eye open. The Brown Turkey fig tree has green leaves during the spring and summer, but they turn yellow in the fall and go dormant in the winter. This could very well be the most versatile fig of all. Some fig cultivars are delicious when dried. They are milder in flavor and less sweet than the Black Mission fig. This last task, while not the queen’s primary goal, is an important one: she is fertilizing the fig’s ovaries. FIG Brown Turkey Ficus carica. Over the years, however, I have observed the below list of plants growing along with the fig, some of which we planted others naturally occurring. Clean the water when it starts going green (every 5-7 days) and plant out when a good root system starts to form. In Valinhos recent experiments placed 2,666 trees on a hectare. Trees and sod arrive at the house. The Brown Turkey fig tree is an adaptable plant that can grow in most environments with little maintenance. Fig rust and Anthracnose – both fungal diseases that affect mainly coastal areas, Fig rust produces powdery yellow spots form on the leaves. If you want to plant a low-maintenance fruit tree, consider the Brown Turkey fig. When companion planting with fig, it is best to select early flowering plants that yield before May and can tolerate deep shade during the summer months. Problems are mainly encountered when trees are under stress, and good practices will prevent most problems. Trees have been known to live as long as 200 years. I think the Black Missions are the tastiest of all. Since this tree will outlive you (most Brown Turkey fig trees have a lifespan of about 200 years), you only have to worry about buying and planting this tree once. Pink blight is a fungus that starts out as a white or pink velvety coating on sick or dead branches. The small-fruited, sugar fig ‘Celeste’ (USDA Hardiness Zone 7-10) is deliciously sweet and produces loads of small, squat, purplish-brown fruits on second-year wood. They take 4 – 5 days to dry in the sun and 10 -12 hours in a dehydrator and around 2 -3 days on top of the car dash board (parked in a sunny spot). Select a stem that’s at least two years old and slimmer than your index finger, cut the stem off at a 45-degree angle, and replant it in a pot. Another good method that can be practiced at any time of year is taking 15 cm cuttings of 2nd yr growth and placing then in 10 cm of water. We have had success with hard wood cuttings taken in late autumn/ early winter planted inside and outside into a free draining medium (50% river sand 50% sieved compost). Under plantings do grow well before the fig leaves emerge in late spring, Tuberous Comfrey in particular forms a dense mat and flowers profusely before dying back during the summer when the fig is in full leaf. Anthracnose forms small brown to black spots, which develop into a larger patch of infection. Description. The females will pollinate another fig as queens. | GreenUpSide, Permaculture design for Stephan Schrotter at Cairo Montenotte, Italy – Part 2, A Simple Principle to Overcome Permaculture Design Overwhelm, Some Ideas for Low-Cost Festive Celebrations for Times of Uncertainty, A Year in the Life of a Deciduous Tree and Understanding Our Role as Facilitators, People power: everyday Australians are building their own renewables projects, and you can too, The students behind the Permaculture Garden, A Permaculture Take on Why to Grow Zinnias, Why You Should Take a Permaculture Design Course. Celeste or Malta fig trees typically keep their root systems more or less contained, larger trees such as the brown turkey fig trees have more of a tendency to dominate a space. Read this (and think twice before buying candles), Green Manure Trials, Building a Micro-Wetland, Perennial Polycultures and Forest Garden Plants, Excess Cancers and Deaths with GM Feed: the Stats Stand Up, A Fresh Perspective on the Drought in California and the Future of the Water Crisis, Common: do not require pollination for fruit set, San Pedro: requires no pollination for the first crop (called the breba crop) but requires pollination of the second crop, Caduceus/Smyrna : requires pollination in order to set fruit, Capri or Male: usually non-edible figs in which the pollinator lives. Mature trees require one to 1.5 inches of water per week. Had a fig tree in a neighbors yard, when I was growing up at my parents house that use to grow over the wall. Your email address will not be published. temp ~ 40 degrees) in the winter. Further thinning (of the now bush like plant) will help improve access within the crown for picking fruit, improve air circulation and will result in fewer but higher quality fruits. These trees can grow in virtually any soil type, including heavy clay, limestone, and light sand, but they prefer a well-drained soil with high lime content. Fig. You can prevent these pests naturally with neem oil, horticultural oil, or insecticidal soap. 15 years later, my parents sold their house, but before they moved out, I had to get cuttings from this tree, and chopped off all the branches hanging over my parents wall, I got well over 20 trees from these cuttings that I have shared and exchanged with people in my current area. The best time to plant this tree is in early spring or late fall when the tree is dormant. A soil depth of 1 – 1.5 m is sufficient for growth. The male figs are hung in stretch poly bags in trees in the orchard when figs reach button size. The fig 'Black Mission' (Ficus carica), also known as also known as 'Brown Turkey', makes a wonderful addition to many landscape designs. Brown Turkey is the ultimate Southern fig producing large crops of medium to large, brown to maroon, turbinate figs over a long season that begins in June. White Genoa: yellow-green skin, amber flesh and a mild flavour. Fig can grow in virtually any soil type but prefer a sandy-clay loam within a pH range of 6.0 to 8.0 tolerating soils with high lime content. It was actually a Brown Turkey, as the season went on I bagged the fruit in organza bags like I always do not expecting huge figs. If it does die back from cold weather it will re-grow and bear fruit the following year. Can you please tell me what herbicide can be used to kill weeds around figs safely i.e. Brown Turkey-type figs are by far the hardiest but are not the most flavorful. Black Mission and Brown Turkey figs seem to be the most common in most markets, but a wide range of figs—including striped Adriatic figs and pale green Kadota figs—is increasingly available. The fruit is a source of calcium, sugar, iron, copper, carbohydrates, potassium, and vitamin A. 1 Fig. The equivalent of 750 mm annual rainfall is sufficient to produce a good crop. Fresh figs do not keep well and can be stored in the refrigerator for only 2 – 3 days. If a mature tree dies back during a cold winter, the following spring will bring many new shoots from the buried wood just below ground level. Set the tree on a small mound of soil in the middle of the hole. 30-50 stems may come up in the spring, and we found it good practice to remove at least 50% of the new growth before fruit sets and then thin down to no more than 8-10 of the best stems in the autumn after a harvest. In some cases, a young, healthy fig tree undergoes proper pollination and fruit set, then drops all its fruit suddenly. Try them to all to find your favorite! Plant the tree two to four inches deeper than it was planted in the original container. Flavor Profile. I leave our fig trees to branch low to the ground for ease of picking the fruits. My wife actually prefers them. With both diseases, leaves will turn yellow and then fall. The ideal pH range is between 6 and 8. Although often considered a Mediterranean plant there are many figs that have been cultivated to withstand cold climates in some cases withstanding winter lows of -20 C. Young figs are more sensitive to cold winters than larger figs so it’s best to over winter young plants perhaps even grow on in a pot until a good root system has established especially if you are growing Fig on the limits of the climatic conditions they are accustomed to. I would not trade mine for the one in the USDA collection, for instance. The Brown Turkey fig tree requires two waterings per week for the first three months after it’s planted. Insects are the biggest threat to Brown Turkey fig trees because many of them cause the diseases described above. You can look at the trunk to find the soil line that indicates how deep it was. It prefers loose, well-draining soils and is often found in the sandy soils of coastal areas. Originally from Asia Minor, the fig is probably the oldest cultivated fruit in the world. Fig trees usually do best on the outskirts of a garden or surrounded by plenty of open space. Black mission figs are a deep blue-purple color on the outside with a pink flesh inside, are known for their sweetness, and often ooze a syrupy substance. Brown Turkey fig trees thrive in zones 7–10, which include states like North Carolina, South Carolina, and Arizona. But remember, also, that not all Black Missions are created equal, either. I found the ecology section very interesting as I have often said that if the fig sprouted easily from seed the American southeast would be over run with figs! https://drhealthbenefits.com/herbal/leaves/health-benefits-fig-leaves though this site says moderation on leaves. Fig thrives best in areas of moderate relative humidity and can be grown at higher elevations in areas of low rainfall. The leaves are used as potherbs or fed to livestock and dried can be used for tea. Figs are planted in winter and early spring. A cultivar named ‘Michurinska 10’ is commonly grown here at altitudes above 1000 m elevation in areas that receive extreme winters lows of below -20. For container grown plants, replace most of the soil in the tub every three years and keep the sides of the tub shaded to prevent overheating in sunlight. Tired of running out of hot water? Depending on the area, summer fruits will start ripening towards the end of August and depending on the cultivar will In orchards requiring Caprification, the male trees are grown in an area separate from the orchard. The queen of the fig wasp is almost the perfect size for the job and enters through a tight opening in the fig called the ostiole. I wish you had some supportive information on any toxicity as I really like the fig leaf tea and drink each year. The leaves emerge in late spring and in our climate drop shortly after the first frost in late autumn. Black mission has a tightly closed eye so it skips all those extra problems. Figs may have a single stemmed tree like growth or multi-stemmed shrub-like growth and often send up suckers from the base of the tree and spreading branches that are low to the ground. The deck hatch is installed, and inside, a Wifi lock and new rangehood are placed. Here, the chances of the second crop ripening are small to zero. Here is a link that might be useful: Figs 4 Fun continue for between 4 to 8 weeks until the end of October. In this guide, we’ll explore what a Brown Turkey fig tree looks like, how to plant one, and what diseases threaten its ability to survive. Refill the hole with soil and water until the water reaches the root system. Brown turkey fig trees are quite commonly available, as they have a zone tolerance of USDA 7 to 11. Copyright © 2020 This Old House Ventures, LLC. We have experimented with bulbs (included below) that utilize nutrients during the dormant season, provide early nectar and pollen to bees and other pollinators, and provide beauty contrasted against the grey frame of the winter fig. As is, I too use cuttings to start trees and then they are pretty hard to kill. We’ll leave some of the fruit on the tree for other organisms and always have plenty of figs. Fig, Common Fig, Cultivated Fig, Edible Fig, Wild Fig is few of the common names of Fig. In areas with short (less than 120 days between frosts), cool summers, espalier trees against a south-facing, light-colored wall to take advantage of the reflected heat. Figs are a shallow fibrous rooted species, although depending on location, the roots may spread laterally and vertically. I’m in the desert in Namibia, and figs love it here!!! Depending on soil types and farmers’ preferences, sprinklers and drip are used. In a hot dry summer like we have had this year, the fruits can be left on the tree to dry and keep well into the winter. commerce, choose a cultivar that parts readily from the branch and does not tear the neck. Our mature Desert King and Black Mission fig trees both produce excellent breba crops starting in mid to late July. My first fig plant was dug up from a rental property where its attractive leaves kept popping up in a mowed area! Black Mission, Brown Turkey, Brunswick, and Celeste are some representative cultivars. Fig trees don’t require a lot of pruning, but you can remove dead, dying, or crowded branches during the winter to promote growth and help the tree maintain its shape. Fig fruit is borne on the new spring new growth although some plants produce two crops known as the breba crop. Picking them ripe ,splitting them in two and leaving in the car parked in the sun for a few days is also very effective. That’s not a problem with one of these compact, ultra-efficient units that heat water as you need it. The key to success is to water the cuttings well during dry periods. Pruning is recommended only during the initial years when trees should be trained according to the use of fruit, such as a low crown for fresh-market figs. Fig is probably my favorite food bar ingredient followed closely by apricot, almond, cashew, and coconut. While the tree is susceptible to diseases and wildlife threats, damage to your tree is mostly avoidable with insecticides and wire baskets. Nutrient requirements differ according to variety, but leaf analysis will indicate fertilizer requirements. Along with fertilization, this has become one of the most important tools in the modern orchard. When growing a breba crop, since the crop is borne in the leaf axils of the previous year’s wood, winter pruning will result in the loss of the following year’s crop. Fruit ripen in June and in August. Bad news for vegetarians thus being when you eat fig you probably eat wasp, however, common fig types have all female flowers that do not need pollination for fruiting as the fruit can develop through parthenocarpic means. In order to minimize root invasion, some growers will plant trees in pots or build underground retaining walls to keep the roots structured. Fig cultivars have many unique characteristics such as compact to spreading growth habits, fruit colour, shape, taste and size, plant hardiness, etc. The trees are suited for a Mediterranean climate and produce prolifically, which in some areas makes them invasive. The Brown Turkey fig is susceptible to a variety of problems, including fig mosaic, pink blight, leaf blight, rust, and fruit souring. The tree is also grown for shade and has value in the ornamental garden. The main crop by that time is still too small to mature. The Black Mission was introduced to California by Spanish missionaries and is the dominant fig grown in California for fresh market sales.
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